Reply-To: elfling@egroups.com Date: Wed, 6 Oct 1999 04:30:24 -0400 From: Edward Kloczko <106065.2071@c...> Sender: Edward Kloczko <106065.2071@c...> To: "INTERNET:" Message-ID: <199910060430_MC2-87D9-871A@c...> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Disposition: inline Subject: to be or not to be Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable >Suilie! >I'm still too curious about the forms of "niye", "to be". Niye is not recorded in our published corpus. >We have naa/ (pl) naar - for both present times. That is correct. >nee/neer - for the past simple >eane/eaner - for the perfect These two froms are not attested in any published Tolkien text. Quenya wa= s not a "regular" language and these forms are very speculative. >yeva - for the future Yeeva is used as an auxilary verb, not alone. >And what forms do we have in participle I and participle II? We don't knwo yet. >Then we have such archaic forms as "ea" - "exists", "it is", "let it >be" - Ea is not "archaic" and does not convey the same meaning as naa "to be" (copula) but "exist". In Quenya "to be" is used more as in Russian than in English ; e.g. it is= not needed as a copula. >and "toi" (they are). = It is not sure at all what "toi" is : a verb or a pronoun, or even both verb+pronoun. It is probabaly a pronoun "they" masculin (cf. -lto). >Any other attested? (You see, I'm asking >'cause here in Russia's too hard to get Tolkien's books, and surely - >quite a problem to get any of his archives. Are they available on the >Net?) If you're looking for English Language books, try "Amazon.com" e-bookstor= e, it is not too expenssive for Tolkien's books. Edward Kloczko